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The Good Policy of Problems Faced by Domestic Investment Casting Products
2022-12-21
1、 The process level is low, and the quality of investment casting products is poor. 1. The casting cracks are serious. 2. Segregation and inclusion defects are serious in large castings. After solidification of large steel castings and large ingots, macro segregation and coarse grains exist at the root of riser and the thick section of castings. 3. The application of simulation software is not popular. Casting process simulation is a necessary link in casting production. In foreign countries, if there is no computer simulation technology, no order can be obtained. Computer simulation of the foundry industry in China started early. Although the development ability of the core computing part is strong, the overall software packaging ability is poor, resulting in the development of mature commercial software far behind the developed countries. A considerable number of foundry enterprises are deterred from computer simulation technology and lack of trust. At present, although this situation has improved, few enterprises that have purchased casting simulation software can play its role. It is in urgent need of software application training for enterprise employees. 4. The production capacity of ordinary castings is surplus, the manufacturing of high-precision castings is still difficult, and core technologies and key products are still dependent on imports. 5. Large machining allowance for precision casting. Due to the lack of scientific design guidance, it is difficult for process designers to control the deformation problem based on experience, and the machining allowance of casting is generally 1-3 times larger than that of foreign countries. Large machining allowance, serious energy consumption and raw material consumption of castings, long machining cycle and low production efficiency have become the bottleneck restricting the development of the industry. 6. The design of gating system is unreasonable. Due to improper design, there are defects such as entrapment and inclusion, resulting in low yield and qualification rate of castings.
2、 The environmental pollution is serious and the working environment is harsh. In China, except for a few large enterprises such as FAW, FAW, DAYANG DAYANG, Shenyang Liming Company, which have excellent production equipment, advanced precision casting technology, and basically put in place environmental protection measures, most foundry sites have outdated production equipment, backward technology, and little attention is paid to environmental protection issues. In the 1980s, the government made professional adjustments to enterprises with small scale, low technical level and serious pollution, which improved the intensive degree of enterprises. However, the extensive characteristics of casting production have not been fundamentally changed. The environmental problems of China's foundry industry are also manifested in the excessive consumption of natural resources.
3、 High energy consumption and raw material consumption The energy consumption of China's precision casting industry accounts for 25% - 30% of the total energy consumption of the machinery industry, the average energy utilization rate is 17%, and the energy consumption is about twice that of the developed countries. The energy consumption per ton of qualified cast iron produced in China is 550-700kg standard coal, while that in foreign countries is 300-400kg standard coal. The energy consumption per ton of qualified cast iron produced in China is 800-1000kg standard coal, and that in foreign countries is 500-800kg standard coal. According to statistics, the input of materials and energy in the casting production process accounts for 55% - 70% of the output value. The gross weight of castings in China is 10% - 20% higher than that in foreign countries on average, the average yield of steel castings is 55%, and that in foreign countries can reach 70%. In casting production, the charge mainly includes pig iron, scrap steel, coke, limestone, molding sand and core sand. It mainly refers to the transportation, sand mixing, molding, core making, baking, melting, pouring, cooling, sand falling, cleaning and post-treatment of raw sand, clay, coal powder, resin and other binders, curing agents, used sand, etc. As far as the operation content is concerned, it is carried out in the process of mechanical vibration and noise, some are still working in the process of high-temperature melting and pouring, some produce irritating smell, and the dust operation environment is even worse. The above shows the severity of the environmental problems in China's investment casting industry. The key problem to be solved at present is to adopt high technology to achieve green casting.
2、 The environmental pollution is serious and the working environment is harsh. In China, except for a few large enterprises such as FAW, FAW, DAYANG DAYANG, Shenyang Liming Company, which have excellent production equipment, advanced precision casting technology, and basically put in place environmental protection measures, most foundry sites have outdated production equipment, backward technology, and little attention is paid to environmental protection issues. In the 1980s, the government made professional adjustments to enterprises with small scale, low technical level and serious pollution, which improved the intensive degree of enterprises. However, the extensive characteristics of casting production have not been fundamentally changed. The environmental problems of China's foundry industry are also manifested in the excessive consumption of natural resources.
3、 High energy consumption and raw material consumption The energy consumption of China's precision casting industry accounts for 25% - 30% of the total energy consumption of the machinery industry, the average energy utilization rate is 17%, and the energy consumption is about twice that of the developed countries. The energy consumption per ton of qualified cast iron produced in China is 550-700kg standard coal, while that in foreign countries is 300-400kg standard coal. The energy consumption per ton of qualified cast iron produced in China is 800-1000kg standard coal, and that in foreign countries is 500-800kg standard coal. According to statistics, the input of materials and energy in the casting production process accounts for 55% - 70% of the output value. The gross weight of castings in China is 10% - 20% higher than that in foreign countries on average, the average yield of steel castings is 55%, and that in foreign countries can reach 70%. In casting production, the charge mainly includes pig iron, scrap steel, coke, limestone, molding sand and core sand. It mainly refers to the transportation, sand mixing, molding, core making, baking, melting, pouring, cooling, sand falling, cleaning and post-treatment of raw sand, clay, coal powder, resin and other binders, curing agents, used sand, etc. As far as the operation content is concerned, it is carried out in the process of mechanical vibration and noise, some are still working in the process of high-temperature melting and pouring, some produce irritating smell, and the dust operation environment is even worse. The above shows the severity of the environmental problems in China's investment casting industry. The key problem to be solved at present is to adopt high technology to achieve green casting.
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